従来から、私の持論である、小児の睡眠時無呼吸は、大部分が、扁桃摘出術、アデノイド切除術で、改善すると、患者さんにもご説明してきました。特に、扁桃肥大、アデノイド肥大がある方は、その傾向があります。もちろん、副鼻腔炎、アレルギー性鼻炎、などの鼻の病気の治療も積極的に進めることにより無呼吸は改善します。
陥没呼吸が見られる、胸骨が陥凹している、いびきが大きい、睡眠中の呼吸が乱れる、扁桃、アデノイドが大きい、鼻が悪いなど、気になる項目がある、幼児のお子様は、当院までご相談ください。
今回、外国の文献ですが、同じような意見の発表がありましたので、ご紹介します。
文献:Marcus CL et al.A Randomized Trial of Adenotonsillectomy for Childhood Sleep Apnea.May 21, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1215881.
閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸症候群の5-9歳児464人を対象に、早期のアデノイド切除・口蓋扁桃摘出術の転帰改善効果を無作為化試験で検討(CHAT試験)。経過観察群に比べ、手術群の発達神経心理学評価の注意・実行機能スコアに有意な改善は見られなかったが、行動、生活の質、睡眠ポリグラフ所見の有意な改善および症状の改善が見られた
その原文です
A Randomized Trial of Adenotonsillectomy for Childhood Sleep ApneaCarole L. Marcus, M.B., B.Ch., Reneé H. Moore, Ph.D., Carol L. Rosen, M.D., Bruno Giordani, Ph.D., Susan L. Garetz, M.D., H. Gerry Taylor, Ph.D., Ron B. Mitchell, M.D., Raouf Amin, M.D., Eliot S. Katz, M.D., Raanan Arens, M.D., Shalini Paruthi, M.D., Hiren Muzumdar, M.D., David Gozal, M.D., Nina Hattiangadi Thomas, Ph.D., Janice Ware, Ph.D., Dean Beebe, Ph.D., Karen Snyder, M.S., Lisa Elden, M.D., Robert C. Sprecher, M.D., Paul Willging, M.D., Dwight Jones, M.D., John P. Bent, M.D., Timothy Hoban, M.D., Ronald D. Chervin, M.D., Susan S. Ellenberg, Ph.D., and Susan Redline, M.D., M.P.H. for the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial (CHAT)
May 21, 2013DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1215881
Background Adenotonsillectomy is commonly performed in children with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, yet its usefulness in reducing symptoms and improving cognition, behavior, quality of life, and polysomnographic findings has not been rigorously evaluated. We hypothesized that, in children with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome without prolonged oxyhemoglobin desaturation, early adenotonsillectomy, as compared with watchful waiting with supportive care, would result in improved outcomes.
Methods We randomly assigned 464 children, 5 to 9 years of age, with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome to early adenotonsillectomy or a strategy of watchful waiting. Polysomnographic, cognitive, behavioral, and health outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 7 months.
Results The average baseline value for the primary outcome, the attention and executive-function score on the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment (with scores ranging from 50 to 150 and higher scores indicating better functioning), was close to the population mean of 100, and the change from baseline to follow-up did not differ significantly according to study group (mean [±SD] improvement, 7.1±13.9 in the early-adenotonsillectomy group and 5.1±13.4 in the watchful-waiting group; P=0.16). In contrast, there were significantly greater improvements in behavioral, quality-of-life, and polysomnographic findings and significantly greater reduction in symptoms in the early-adenotonsillectomy group than in the watchful-waiting group. Normalization of polysomnographic findings was observed in a larger proportion of children in the early-adenotonsillectomy group than in the watchful-waiting group (79% vs. 46%).
Conclusions As compared with a strategy of watchful waiting, surgical treatment for the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in school-age children did not significantly improve attention or executive function as measured by neuropsychological testing but did reduce symptoms and improve secondary outcomes of behavior, quality of life, and polysomnographic findings, thus providing evidence of beneficial effects of early adenotonsillectomy. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; CHAT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00560859
【 名古屋市名東区 | 松永クリニック | 耳鼻咽喉科 | 扁桃肥大|アデノイド肥大|小児 睡眠時無呼吸 】